With Paul’s instructions concerning elders finished, he moves on to the role of the deacon. While similar in nature, these two offices differ in several areas.

Take a look at the first part of this list in 1 Timothy 3:8-10:

First of all, the term “deacon” simply means one who serves, such as a household servant or even a table waiter. This position was first instituted in Acts 6. While the seven men chosen for this role in that chapter are never called deacons, the root word for those who waited on tables is the same.

The next few qualities are very similar to the ones listed for elders. Deacons should be men worthy of respect. If they are not well-respected and well-received in the communities in which they serve, their effectiveness will be hindered.

The meaning of the next term, sincere, is not carried clearly in many translations, such as the NIV. The phrase literally means “two-worded.” In other words, the deacon cannot say one thing while with one person, and then say or do something different when with others. He must be a man of his word.

The next two phrases, not indulging in much wine and not pursuing dishonest gain both parallel similar statements concerning elders found in verse 3. The deacon must display integrity and control in all situations.

With the next verse, Paul moves into more positive territory. Remember that this letter started by addressing the false teachers that were prominent in Ephesus. These false teachers have turned away from a clear conscience and have shipwrecked their faith. These men must hold on to the deep truths of the faith, the mystery of the gospel, the essentials of our faith.

Deacons must be proven men. They must be well known enough that there be no secrets harbored in their lives. This isn’t necessarily to mean that they must undergo some rigorous testing, but that they are men who have been examined in the same manner as 2 Corinthians 13:5, “examine yourselves to see whether you are in the faith, test yourselves.” Deacons must be above reproach.

This must take place before these men are placed in positions of service. While this wasn’t explicitly stated for elders, there seems to be an implication that this is also the case for that position as well.

While these two roles differ significantly in function, they bear many similarities in description. And those who serve in either role are participating in tremendous kingdom building, to be sure. In fact, Paul will suggest this very thing in just a few more verses (1 Timothy 3:13).

Have you ever served in the role of a deacon? What was your experience like? You can leave your thoughts in the comments section below.